Cerumen

(earwax)

Cerumen, commonly known as earwax, is a waxy, yellowish substance produced by the ceruminous glands located in the external auditory canal. It is responsible for trapping dirt and debris and moving it out of the ear canal. It also helps to lubricate and protect the outer ear against infections.

Cerumen is usually expelled from the ear canal naturally. Occasionally, it accumulates in the ear canal forming a blockage.

Risk factors of developing earwax blockages

• A narrow external auditory canal
• Excessive earwax production
• Hair in the ear canal
• The use of a hearing aid, earplugs or earbuds
• Atrophy of the ceruminous glands in the elderly
• A condition affecting the skin or shape of the ear canal
• Using cotton swabs or other objects in the ear canal

Consequences of earwax blockages

• Itchiness and a feeling of pressure in the ears
• Hearing loss
• Buzzing or vertigo
• Sign of infection
• Ear pain

Treatment

Proper ear hygiene

Place a damp washcloth over a fingertip to clean the outer ear.

Do not insert cotton swabs (Q-tips) or other objects such as ear candles into the ear canal. They can compact earwax and may result in injury.

Ramollir le cérumen

Several over-the-counter products aimed at dislodging excess earwax can be found at your local drug store. Ask your health care professional for advice.

As a preventive treatment, people prone to earwax buildup can use emollient drops in their ears a few times a week.

When should I see a health care professional?

Some situations can ask for the use of specialized equipment. Consult your health care provider if you think you might have ear blockage in the following cases:

• Earache
• Bleeding or pus
• You have had ear surgery
• You have repeated problems with earwax blockage